THE UPPER REGISTRY WHISTLES (28< Length / bore ID ratio <48) FOR HAPPIER MELODIES
In this category belongs also the concert flute (especially if we substitute the upper head join with a fipple) Its ratio L/B=33. Other traditional flutes in this category are many recorders and also it is the Ney if we adopt a fipple instead of rim-blowing and also the kaval flutes too. Such types of flutes and whistles are designed for happier music and melodies where we start at the higher registry (octave) we may move to the lower registry (octave) and we end the melody in the higher registry (octave_ again. Such whistles when blowing normally they play directly to the 2nd registry (octave) while when we want to play to the lower 1st registry (octave) we have to underblow carefully. This is the inverse with the standard whistles that when we blow normally they play in the 1st registry and in order to play in the 2nd registry we must overblow.
In the next picture we see two such tunable whistles one in major D4 and one in major C4 with L/B ratios respectively the D4 55cm/1.65cm=33.33 and the C4 63cm/1.65cm= 38.18
I have made on more in F4 with L/B ratio equal to 47.5cm/1.2 cm=39.58
The next photo is of a tunable G4 , PVC Romanian Caval (double and simple harmonic minor with 2+4 front holes and thump at F#). Length/Bore=42.cm/1.2cm=35. See also post 242
